What are the Laboratory Technology Maturity Levels?

Level 1 - Paper based and Paper Notebook based data collection and management
Level 2 - Office and general SaaS based applications to manage laboratory data in an ad-hoc way as data are generated.
Level 3 - LIMS/ELN with instrument and perhaps 3rd-party application integrations
Level 4 - LIMS/ELN with automated processes and devices such as robotics, liquid handlers, automated data processes and more
Level 5 - The application of AI and ML to lab processes so as to eliminate more manual steps than can be accomplished through hard coded automated processes in level 4